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PF.OS (5) | | Unix Manual Pages | :man▋
The window field corresponds to the th->th_win field in the TCP header and is the source host’s advertised TCP window size. It may be between zero and 65,535 inclusive. The window size may be given as a multiple of a constant by prepending the size with a percent sign '%' and the value will be used as a modulus. Three special values may be used for the window size:
The ttl value is the initial time to live in the IP header. The fingerprint code will account for the volatility of the packet’s TTL as it traverses a network. The df bit corresponds to the Don’t Fragment bit in an IPv4 header. It tells intermediate routers not to fragment the packet and is used for path MTU discovery. It may be either a zero or a one. The packet size is the literal size of the full IP packet and is a function of all of the IP and TCP options. The TCP options field is an ordered list of the individual TCP options that appear in the SYN packet. Each option is described by a single character separated by a comma and certain ones may include a value. The options are:
No TCP options in the fingerprint may be given with a single dot '.'. An example of OpenBSD’s TCP options are:
M*,N,N,S,N,W0,N,N,T
The first option M* is the MSS option and will match all values. The second and third options N will match two NOPs. The fourth option S will match the SACKOK option. The fifth N will match another NOP. The sixth W0 will match a window scaling option with a zero scaling size. The seventh and eighth N options will match two NOPs. And the ninth and final option T will match the timestamp option with any time value. The TCP options in a fingerprint will only match packets with the exact same TCP options in the same order. The class field is the class, genre or vendor of the operating system. The version is the version of the operating system. It is used to distinguish between different fingerprints of operating systems of the same class but different versions. The subtype is the subtype or patch level of the operating system version. It is used to distinguish between different fingerprints of operating systems of the same class and same version but slightly different patches or tweaking. The description is a general description of the operating system, its version, patchlevel and any further useful details.
The fingerprint of an An absolutely braindead embedded operating system fingerprint could be: The tcpdump(1) output of almost translates into the following fingerprint tcpdump(1) does not explicitly give the packet length. But it can usually be derived by adding the size of the IPv4 header to the size of the TCP header to the size of the TCP options. The size of both headers is typically twenty each and the usual sizes of the TCP options are:
In the above example, the packet size comes out to 44 bytes.
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