Dump the SAD entries. If with -P , the SPD entries are dumped.
-F
Flush the SAD entries. If with -P , the SPD entries are flushed.
-a
The setkey utility usually does not display dead SAD entries with -D . If with -a , the dead SAD entries will be displayed as well. A dead SAD entry means that it has been expired but remains in the system because it is referenced by some SPD entries.
-h
Add hexadecimal dump on -x mode.
-l
Loop forever with short output on -D .
-v
Be verbose. The program will dump messages exchanged on PF_KEY socket, including messages sent from other processes to the kernel.
-x
Loop forever and dump all the messages transmitted to PF_KEY socket. -xx makes each timestamps unformatted.
spddelete [-46n] src_range dst_range upperspec-P direction ;
Delete an SPD entry.
spdflush ;
Clear all SPD entries. -FP on the command line achieves the same functionality.
spddump ;
Dumps all SPD entries. -DP on the command line achieves the same functionality.
Meta-arguments are as follows:
src dst
Source/destination of the secure communication is specified as IPv4/v6 address. The setkey utility can resolve a FQDN into numeric addresses. If the FQDN resolves into multiple addresses, setkey will install multiple SAD/SPD entries into the kernel by trying all possible combinations. -4 , -6 and -n restricts the address resolution of FQDN in certain ways. -4 and -6 restrict results into IPv4/v6 addresses only, respectively. -n avoids FQDN resolution and requires addresses to be numeric addresses.
protocol
protocol is one of following:
esp
ESP based on rfc2406
esp-old
ESP based on rfc1827
ah
AH based on rfc2402
ah-old
AH based on rfc1826
ipcomp
IPComp
tcp
TCP-MD5 based on rfc2385
spi
Security Parameter Index (SPI) for the SAD and the SPD. spi must be a decimal number, or a hexadecimal number with ‘0x’ prefix. SPI values between 0 and 255 are reserved for future use by IANA and they cannot be used. TCP-MD5 associations must use 0x1000 and therefore only have per-host granularity at this time.
extensions
take some of the following:
-m mode
Specify a security protocol mode for use. mode is one of following: transport, tunnel or any. The default value is any.
-r size
Specify window size of bytes for replay prevention. size must be decimal number in 32-bit word. If size is zero or not specified, replay check does not take place.
-u id
Specify the identifier of the policy entry in SPD. See policy.
-f pad_option
defines the content of the ESP padding. pad_option is one of following:
zero-pad
All of the padding are zero.
random-pad
A series of randomized values are set.
seq-pad
A series of sequential increasing numbers started from 1 are set.
-f nocyclic-seq
Do not allow cyclic sequence number.
-lh time -ls time
Specify hard/soft life time duration of the SA.
algorithm
-E ealgo key
Specify an encryption algorithm ealgo for ESP.
-E ealgo key -A aalgo key
Specify a encryption algorithm ealgo, as well as a payload authentication algorithm aalgo, for ESP.
-A aalgo key
Specify an authentication algorithm for AH.
-C calgo [-R]
Specify a compression algorithm for IPComp. If -R is specified, spi field value will be used as the IPComp CPI (compression parameter index) on wire as is. If -R is not specified, the kernel will use well-known CPI on wire, and spi field will be used only as an index for kernel internal usage.
key must be double-quoted character string, or a series of hexadecimal digits preceded by ‘0x’.
Possible values for ealgo, aalgo and calgo are specified in separate section.
src_range dst_range
These are selections of the secure communication specified as IPv4/v6 address or IPv4/v6 address range, and it may accompany TCP/UDP port specification. This takes the following form:
address
address/prefixlen
address[port]
address/prefixlen[port]
prefixlen and port must be decimal number. The square bracket around port is really necessary. They are not manpage metacharacters. For FQDN resolution, the rules applicable to src and dst apply here as well.
upperspec
Upper-layer protocol to be used. You can use one of words in /etc/protocols as upperspec. Or icmp6, ip4, and any can be specified. any stands for "any protocol". Also you can use the protocol number. You can specify a type and/or a code of ICMPv6 when upper-layer protocol is ICMPv6. The specification can be placed after icmp6. A type is separated with a code by single comma. A code must be specified anytime. When a zero is specified, the kernel deals with it as a wildcard. Note that the kernel cannot distinguish a wildcard from that a type of ICMPv6 is zero. For example, the following means the policy does not require IPsec for any inbound Neighbor Solicitation:
"spdadd ::/0 ::/0 icmp6 135,0 -P in none;"
NOTE: upperspec does not work against forwarding case at this moment, as it requires extra reassembly at forwarding node (not implemented at this moment). We have many protocols in /etc/protocols, but protocols except of TCP, UDP and ICMP may not be suitable to use with IPsec. You have to consider and be careful to use them.
policy
policy is the one of the following three formats:
-P direction discard
-P direction none
protocol/mode/src-dst/level [...]
You must specify the direction of its policy as direction. Either out or in are used. discard means the packet matching indexes will be discarded. none means that IPsec operation will not take place onto the packet. ipsec means that IPsec operation will take place onto the packet. The part of protocol/mode/src-dst/level specifies the rule how to process the packet. Either ah, esp or ipcomp is to be set as protocol. mode is either transport or tunnel. If mode is tunnel, you must specify the end-points addresses of the SA as src and dst with '-' between these addresses which is used to specify the SA to use. If mode is transport, both src and dst can be omitted. level is to be one of the following: default, use, require or unique. If the SA is not available in every level, the kernel will request getting SA to the key exchange daemon. default means the kernel consults to the system wide default against protocol you specified, e.g., esp_trans_deflev sysctl variable, when the kernel processes the packet. use means that the kernel use a SA if it is available, otherwise the kernel keeps normal operation. require means SA is required whenever the kernel sends a packet matched with the policy. unique is the same to require. In addition, it allows the policy to bind with the unique out-bound SA. You just specify the policy level unique, racoon(8) will configure the SA for the policy. If you configure the SA by manual keying for that policy, you can put the decimal number as the policy identifier after unique separated by colon ‘:’ like the following; unique:number. In order to bind this policy to the SA, number must be between 1 and 32767. It corresponds to extensions-u of the manual SA configuration. When you want to use SA bundle, you can define multiple rules. For example, if an IP header was followed by AH header followed by ESP header followed by an upper layer protocol header, the rule would be:
esp/transport//require ah/transport//require;
The rule order is very important.
Note that "discard" and "none" are not in the syntax described in ipsec_set_policy(3). There are little differences in the syntax. See ipsec_set_policy(3) for detail.
